Establishing a circular economy model for the fibreboard industry in Europe requires tackling many challenges at different levels of the value chain. In this article, we will present three key challenges and what EcoReFibre is doing to solve them: 1. Sorting, 2. Supply, and 3. Fibre Processing

Challenge number one: Sorting   

The lack of adequate collection and sorting processes, combined with limited public awareness, are significant factors leading to fibreboards missclassification and improper disposal in various waste streams, such as municipal waste or even in landfills, at the end of their consumer journey. This not only complicates the recycling process but also results in the loss of valuable materials that could otherwise be reintroduced into the production cycle.  

EcoReFibre addresses these issues by developing and deploying innovative sorting technologies, designed to ensure that fibreboards are accurately identified and separated from other materials. Only fibreboard of high purity can be used for recycling which is one of the major obstacles for circularity in fibreboard production. EcoReFibre enables effective recovery of post-consumer fibreboard, ensuring the necessary quality for its reintroduction into the material loop. 

Challenge number two: Supply

The geographic separation between urban wood waste accumulation and rural fibreboard production facilities presents more than logistical concerns. Transportation over long distances leads to higher fuel consumption, increased costs, and greater greenhouse gas emissions, challenging the economic and environmental viability of the recycling process.   

EcoReFibre evaluates the environmental and economic impact and cost-effectiveness of the post-consumer fibreboard supply, ensuring that the newly established circular economy models are both environmentally and economically worthwhile to pursue.  

Challenge number three: Fibre Processing

Effectively recycling fibreboards requires more than just grinding them down, as they include a mix of wood fibres and glue, often furnished with coatings and additives, such as fire retardants, that enhance the board’s properties and lifespan. Advanced material extraction methods must guarantee that the wood fibres remain as intact as possible when being sorted. 

EcoReFibre is developing and testing different extraction technologies to process these composite materials. Namely, 5 industrial pilot projects have been launched to test and validate new methods as well as adapted processes, like refining.  The pilots aim to  recover fibres and particles with 95% purity to be reused in the production of new fibreboards, particleboards, insulation boards, and bio-composites.  

---

Collaboration across the entire value chain 

How does EcoReFibre address these concerns? EcoReFibre has mobilised a network of 20 partners across Europe, to develop comprehensive solutions for each of these challenges. The project’s strength lies in its collaboration among diverse sectors, throughout the entire value chain. This approach is EcoReFibre’s unique core attribute in building an innovative circular economy model for post-consumer fibreboard industry in Europe.